ERPs are time-locked electrical responses your brain produces when processing information during a cognitive task. Unlike resting-state brain measurement, ERPs capture how your brain performs under controlled conditions — filtering distractions, classifying information, making decisions, detecting errors.
ERPs have been used in research labs for decades and are considered functional biomarkers: they measure what the brain does, not just what it looks like at rest. Key ERP components like the P300 are well-established markers of cognitive processing that change predictably with age.
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